Exercises. Part 2

Consider the following directory structure

Question:

• What is the output of the closing ls command in the sequence shown below?

$ pwd
/home/thesis/data

$ touch proteins.dat

$ ls
proteins.dat
    
$ mkdir recombine

$ mv proteins.dat recombine

$ cp recombine/proteins.dat ../proteins-saved.dat

$ ls

• Suppose that:

$ ls -F
analyzed/  fructose.dat    raw/   sucrose.dat

• What command(s) (such as rm, mv) could you run so that the commands below will produce the output shown?

$ ls
analyzed   raw
    
$ ls analyzed
fructose.dat    sucrose.dat

• What does cp do when given several filenames and a directory name, as in:

$ mkdir backup
    
$ cp thesis/citations.txt thesis/quotations.txt backup

• What does cp do when given three or more filenames, as in:

$ ls -F    
intro.txt    methods.txt    survey.txt
    
$ cp intro.txt methods.txt survey.txt

• Why do you think cp behaves differently from mv?

• The command ls -R lists the contents of directories recursively, i.e., lists their sub-directories, sub-sub-directories, and so on in alphabetical order at each level. The command ls -t lists things by time of last change, with most recently changed files or directories first. In what order does ls -R -t display things?